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RBG Kew, Directors' letters, vol. LXXIV, Australia letters 1851-8, letter no. 159. 57.04.06a

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Ferdinand von Mueller to William Hooker, 1857-04-06 [57.04.06a]. R.W. Home, Thomas A. Darragh, A.M. Lucas, Sara Maroske, D.M. Sinkora, J.H. Voigt and Monika Wells (eds), Correspondence of Ferdinand von Mueller, <https://vmcp.rbg.vic.gov.au/id/57-04-06a>, accessed November 15, 2024

1
Three small watercolours by Thomas Baines are attached to this letter. One is published as the frontispiece of Volume 1 of Regardfully Yours.
Sydney, 6 April 1857.
My dear Sir William.
It is with feelings of the utmost grief, that I commence this letter, to inform you first of all, that altho' the Messenger at last arrived, one of the most important part of my collection, namely the greater part of the plants from Central Australia and the upper part of the Victoria has been destroyed by exposure to water. I availed myself of the best means at my command for securing the collections so that only direct contact with water could have caused this grievous loss, and I have consequently requested Mr Gregory to investigate into the reasons of the destruction of this valuable property belonging to her Majesty's Government.
2
See M to A. Gregory, 6 April 1857, and A. Gregory to M, 8 April 1857.
The number of specimens destroyed amounts to nearly 3000 and that of seeds to 2-300 kinds. I have kept a few spricks which had not suffered to the extent of the rest, altho' they will also perish at last by absorption of hygroscopical moisture — still they will serve at this moment to secure a few additional notes. I am now more glad than ever to have describe as much as I could on the spot, so that many species are not quite lost to science, altho' this unfortunate event will cause the perfect loss of very many kinds in the herbarium and what is equally deplorable, will render my statistical notes fragmentary in the extreme. Only Messrs Gregory
3
Augustus and Henry Gregory.
with whom I shared the trials of that excursion into the desert will be able to estimate fully the loss.
I have now nearly the whole of my herbarium of the latter part of the journey put in order and trust, that you recieved that part of the collection and the 160 bot. descriptions entrusted to Mr Elsey's care.
4
See M to W. Hooker, 13 March 1857.
I beg now to offer a review of some of those plants, which have been under my hands since the last mail left.
Cedreleae . Altho' the Red Cedar of New South Wales occurs in many catalogues as Cedrela Australis I have failed to find any description of it, and recommend therefore this short account of this important tree, which yielded so much useful timber since the last 70 years, hereafter to your kind consideration. As a spec. it seems to me very distinct both from Cedrela Toona & C. febrifuga. I intend to experiment on the bark.
Leguminosae . To your so expeditiously published account of Nematophyllum
5
Nematophyllum hookeri (B57.01.01, p. 20).
I have to add as ascertained during the latter
part of the expedition, that the lower leaves are often trifoliate. An important addition to the generic character of Oxycladium you will consider, that the replum is persistent, which I also had only after writing the first note an opportunity of observing. — Of Sesbania venatorum which with four other sp. I have described,
6
M published no Sesbania species from this expedition. S. simpliciuscula was published by Bentham (1863-78), vol. 2, p. 213 from a specimen M collected on the upper Victoria River, retaining M's herbarium name given on specimen K278194. K278197, filed under Sesbania benthamiana var. benthamiana, has M's label 'Sesbania venatorum' collected 'Gulf of Carpentaria'. Herbarium names occur on other M specimens at K collected at this time, but they had been previously described.
the natives use the long straight stem for duck-spears. The collection contains some fine Psoraleas,
7
Presumably including P. archeri, P. plumosa (B63.09.01, pp. 21-2), P. balsamica, P. leucantha and P. pustulata (B59.13.02, pp. 54-5).
Tephrosias,
8
M published no species of Tephrosia from this expedition. Bentham (1863-78), vol. 2, pp. 204-11 published M's manuscript names for seven species of Tephrosia and used M's collections in describing another nine new species of Tephrosia.
Indigoferas
9
Presumably including I. lasiantha (B59.04.03, p. 6) and I. oxycarpa (B62.10.02, p. 103).
and Jacksonias; Jacksonia phylloclada being evidently the flatt stemmed Pultenaea of Dr Leichhardt's journal.
10
J. phylloclade not found (APNI, accessed 29 August 2019). M published no species of Jacksonia from this expedition. Bentham (1863-78), vol. 2, pp. 55, 58 published M's herbarium names for two species of Jacksonia , although M's label on J. odontoclada on the specimen he saw (K 846798) does not seem to be M's collecting label but a label added as specimens were distributed . See Leichhardt (1847), p. 393, entry for 8 September.
This plant is imitated by a very rare Oxylobium, which introducing the feature of the flatt leafless Bossiaeas into that genus may be called O. bossiaeoides.
11
Oxylobium bossiaeoides not found (APNI, accessed 29 August 2019) but mentioned in B59.12.02, p. 222.
Of Gompholobium I saw only one sp. in the North.
12
Presumably G. stenophyllum (B62.05.01, p. 30).
Of Euchilus & Podolobium & Mirbelia I have to offer 1 new species from the east.
13
Presumably Euchilus cuspidatus (B58.05.02, p. 68), Podolobium aciculiferum (B59.02.03, p. 75) and Mirbelia aotoides (B59.13.02, p. 53).
Into the diagnoses of the numerous Cassias I introduced the condition of the stamens, which I find more consistent as I formerly believed. I do not think that we possess the true Cass. occidentalis in Australia. Of the three Australian Bauhinias
14
Presumably B. hookeri, B. carroni and B. leichhardtii (B59.13.02, pp. 49-51).
I am able to give now a complete account. The finest of it shall bear your name; it is with B. Carroni one of the principle components of the Brigalow Scrub, which occupies such a large tract of country of East Australia. Mr Carron deserves the little bot. compliment I am paying him now for his bot. notes secured during Kennedys expedition, of which he was only destined with one man to survive, as you may see by his journal which I forwarded from Melbourne.
15
Carron (1849).
I believe Bauhinia contains heterogenous elements and is to be divided. Of Erythrina we possess a third sp. on the East Coast, which forms a magnificent tree.
16
Presumably Erythrina biloba (B57.01.01, p. 21).
My notes will establish a new genus allied to Cassia, which differs in pentandrous flowers and more essentially in longitudinally bursting anthers. It has the habit of a minute Cassia which suggested the appellation microcassia and ranges over the whole of Trop. Austr. as far as we went.
17
W. Hooker in his 'List of Mueller's Australian plants received in July 1857' lists 'Microcassia pentandra Muell' as a Cassia sp. (RBG Kew, plant lists, vol. 1 Europe, Asia, Africa, America, Australia, New Zealand, Polynesia, 1845-63, p. 323).
There are three or four other new genera of Leguminosae, to which I shall refer more particularly hereafter. Brewsteria, a magnificent plant, you will have recieved by this time.
18
See M to W. Hooker, 6 March 1857 for a comment on Brewsteria. Hooker in his 'List of Mueller's Australian plants received in July 1857' lists 'Brewsteria physanema Muell' as a Cassia sp. (p. 323).
Of Wistaria I have two beautiful species from Moreton Bay, both forming subgenera, one with large panicles of black-purplish flowers (W. atro-purpurea).
19
The second species was presumably W. megasperma (B58.03.01, p. 10).
Zornia supplied several very marked plants,
20
Presumably including Z. chaetophora (B59.13.02, p. 56).
and so did Desmodium.
21
M published no new species of Desmodium based solely on specimens from this expedition, but Bentham (1863-78), vol. 2, pp. 233-5 published five new species using M's specimens, retaining, in three instances, M's herbarium names from his collecting labels: see specimens K 279065 (D. campy locaulon, spelled 'campylocaule' on M's label), K 279089 (D. rhytidophyllum) and K 279026 (D. nemorosum).
A second sp. of Aeschynomene stands close to A. aspera.
22
The Aeschynomene taxon described by M (in B92.01.03, p. 136) was not from this expedition .
A common Taverniera, varying with 1-3 seeds may possibly be identical with T. spartea. Lespedeza does not appear in the North.
Rubiaceae . I am glad to announce some important additions to this order for the Austral Flora. Hedyotis includes spec. with the habit of Wahlenbergia, Mitrasacme, Scleranthus, Asperula, Galium &c suggesting so many specific names.
23
Presumably including Hedyotis mitrasacmoides, H. scleranthoides, H. galiodes, H. trachymeniodes, H. coerulescens, H. pterospora, and H. tillaeacea (B63.10.01, pp. 38-40) and H. spermucocoides (B74.03.01, p. 146).
Of Pavetta exist at least 2 spec., of Gardenia 4
24
Presumably G. edulis, G. megasperma, G. ochreata and G. resonosa (B58.07.01, pp. 54-5).
of Canthium 5.
25
Presumably including C. coprosmoides, C. vaccinifolium (B59.13.02, p. 47), C. lamprophyllum and C. microphyllum (B61.02.02, pp. 133-4).
But the limits between Canthium, Coffea, Psychotria & even Ixora in application to the Australian species seemed to me by no means clear. A new genus, which I distinguish as Pogonolobus,
26
M erected Pogonolobus (P. reticulates) in B58.07.01, p. 56.
stands between Guettarda and Psychotria. Several other shrubs of this order were on account of their indifferent state not yet to be determined. Psychotria daphnoides A. C. of which you have given such an excellent figure
27
W. Hooker (1827-64), vol 60, tab. 3228.
is common in the Araucaria Ranges.
Euphorbiaceae . From Mercurialis & Claoxylon I distinguish a n. g. of Echinocroton forming a good sized shrub: and three Phyllanthi which have besides their whole filaments also their anthers joined into one mass I call generically Synostemon.
28
M erected Echinocroton (E. claoxyloides) and Synestemon (S. ramosissimus) in B58.06.01, pp. 32-3.
The species, at least the Australian, have a peculiar habit. Of true Croton I obtained three species (Croton phebalioides & C. Hillii & C. subsericium)
29
J. Mueller published C. phebalioides and C. arnhemicus from specimens M collected on this expedition, see J. Müller (1864), p. 485, and J. Müller (1865), p. 112 respectively; M's field labels on the specimen sdescribed as C. arnhemicus have Croton hibiscifolium (K. 959224, K 599225). The specimen of C. phebaliodes at Kew (K 959232) has a note by M attached that is included here, where it is relevant, although it was probably included with the set of specimens announced as packed and ready for shipping in M to W. Hooker, 18 May 1857:
Croton! p hebalioides Ferd Mueller
This is unfortunately the whole supply of this interesting plant. Altho we saw it repeatedly from the Burdekin to the Dawson I failed in obtaining it properly. It grew always in the dense Brigalow Scrub when the attentions of us was so much required not to loose the packhorses.
See A. Gregory (1858), pp. 121-9. M described C. tomentellus and C. stigmatosus (B64.11.01, pp. 140-1) from specimens including those he collected on this expedition. Croton hillii and C. subsericium not found (APNI, accessed 19 January 2020), however a specimen filed as C. tomentellus at Kew (K 959230) has M's field label ' Croton subsericium '.
Of Melanthesa one, and of Omolanthus also one distinct from O. populifolius in appendiculate capsules on a long stalk, [carin]ovulate seeds and leaves so much like Stillingia sebifora, that I derived the specific name from it.
30
Presumably O. stillingifolius (B58.06.01, p. 32).
Mappa seems formerly not found in Australia. Micrantheum yielded a sp. exactly intermediate between M. ericoides & hexandrum
31
Presumably M. boroniaceum (B58.06.01, p. 32).
(M. triandrum is perhaps referable to Phyllanthus?)
32
Druce (1917) p. 639 did refer Micrantheum triandrum to Phyllanthus.
Briedelia Australis n. sp. has only once been seen on the cliffs of the Victoria River.
33
B. australis not in APNI (accessed 19 January 2020).
Glochidion racemosum differs in pubesecence, pentandrous flowers &c from Glochidion Australe of N.S. Wales.
34
G. australe and G. racemosum not found (APNI, accessed 29 August 2019), but specimen K1056818, filed under Phyllanthus ciccoides, has 'Glochidion! racemosum' which includes as part of a longer note 'my specimens reduced by breakage to these fragments. Berry much shrunken'.
A new Ricinocarpus comes so near to Bertya, that I preferred to reduce this genus rather than to establish a new one; and I may mention that the Tasmanian sp. of Bertya was previous to my knowledge of that genus referred to Ricinocarpus, and has been introduced as Ricin. sessiliflorus into my second report.
35
B54.12.01, p. 10.
About a dozen Phyllanthi I described on the spot.
36
Presumably including P. subcrenulatus (B59.04.04, 108).
Euphorbia is poorly represented, one sp. however remarkable for palmately dissected flower scales (E. schizolepis.)
37
Euphorbia schizolepis was described in Boissier (1862), p. 20 from specimens collected by M at Hooker Creek.
To this genus may possibly belong a tall tree once seen on the Gulf of Carpentaria with verticillate leaves. The stem was full of milky juice but I failed to obtain the flowers and fruits, altho' I cut a tree down for the purpose.
Chrysobalaneae . The Nonda tree of Leichhardt is a true Parinarium, a genus not yet mentioned from Australia, and I adopt the name nonda, since it is introduced into Arrowsmith's map, for this species.
38
Parinarium nonda was described in Bentham (1863-78), vol. 2, p. 426, from specimens collected by Leichhardt and by M. The map, Arrowsmith (1847), was published separately to accompany Leichhardt (1847).
Combretaceae : A new Lumnitzera is the most important plant of this order, and interesting as being not a seashore- but a mountain-plant, occuring on the arid summits of Newcastle Range.
39
Presumably L. montana (B61.05.02, p. 149).
I shall furnish you with the description of 6 Terminalias
40
Presumably including six of T. bursarina, T. edulis, T. erythrocarpa, T. oblongata, T. platyphylla, T. platyptera, T. pterocarpa (B61.05.02, pp. 149-52).
and 1 Chuncoa.
41
APNI (accessed 29 August 2019) notes that ‘no record of this genus having been applied to Australian taxa has been found, however it is recorded by N. T. Burbidge, Dictionary of Australian Plant Genera (1963) 71’.
Celastrineae To your Catha Cunninghami
42
M transferred the species to Celastrus in B59.13.01, p. 30, where he also described Celastrus dispermus (p. 31) and C. bilocularis (pp. 31-2).
I have been able to add 3 other species. A new genus (Osteotheca)
43
M did not publish Osteotheca species, but after receiving comments on his specimens from Allan Black, herbarium keeper at Kew, he referred Mitchell’s Melicytus? oleaster to Denhamia, in which genus he described D. xanthosperma and D. heterophylla from specimens collected on the expedition and D. pittosporoides from specimens collected by C. Moore (B59.13.01, pp. 28–30).
approaches in two species to Lophopetalum & Putterlickia having hard bony valves, very imperfect dissepiments and many seeds in the capsule. As a third species I refer to it, as far as a flowering specimen in Sir Thomas Mitchells collection permits me to judge the Melicytus? oleaster; and I believe also, that the Xylomeleum mentioned from trop. Australia by Dr Leichhardt belongs to this genus, since one species resembles at times Xylomeleum pyriforme in its foliage. Dr Leichhardt saw doubtless only the leaves.
Halorageae . Of this order I have little to offer but a new sp. of Myriophyllum (not Meionectis) with dicoccous fruits (M. dicoccum)
44
B59.13.02, p. 41.
Rhamnaceae Ventilago racemosa is frequent and I believe constantly apetalous.
45
V. racemosa was published as a name without description (B57.06.02, p. 165).
2 sp. of Zizyphus occur.
46
Presumably including Z. quadrilocularis (B62.07.01, p. 57).
Portulaceae . One sp. of Portulaca is referable almost to Calandrinia, having free persistent sepals and a circumcised capsule. It resembles Calandr. calyptrata. 2 sp. of Trianthema, distinct from those, mentioned on a former occasion, are characterized by a solitary style and a thin very depressed operculum, which induces me to distinguish them as Brachypyxis
47
Calandrinia quadrivalvus, C. spergularina (B59.09.03, pp. 175–6), C. uniflora (B59.09.03, p. 41), Trianthema glaucifolia, T. oxycalyptra, T. pilosa and T. rhynchocalyptra (B59.09.03, pp. 173-4) were described from specimens collected on this expedition. Brachypyxis is not in APNI (accessed 29 August 2019), but two of the Trianthema species are described as having solitary styles: however M's field labels on T. oxycalyptera (MEL 99968) and T. pilosa (MEL 99981) have the names under which they were described, although that of the latter has been written over, apparently altering the name from T. polyandra, the name on the field label of K 75425. Portulacca bicolor, P. digna, P. filifolia and P. oligosperma were described in B59.09.03, pp. 169-70.
forming as a subgenus a transit to Ancistrostigma. An other new kind has the leaves of Basella. Thus with the formerly discovered plants this order has been considerably augmented in Australian Botany.
Compositae One of the sp. of Sphaeranthus has only the male flowers enlarged, an other (perhaps Sp. glaber DC) both male and female contrary to the hitherto published accounts of the genus. A remarkable subgenus of Glossogyne (Trioncinia) is characterized by a very short style, a cylindrical akenium, and three retroflexed Aristas.
48
Presumably G. retroflexa (B58.07.01, p. 51).
Of Spilanthes I found a second Australian sp.,
49
Presumably S. anactina or S. macroglossa (B65.10.04, p. 63).
a good deal resembling Wedelia & Wollastonia. The two last genera showed also respectively 2 n.sp.
50
Presumably including Wedelia spilanthoides (B65.10.04, p. 64). M published no new Wollastonia from this expedition.
Senecio can boast only of one distinct and unknown kind, which I owe to the quick eye and hand of Mr Hill.
51
Presumably Senecio drymophilus (B57.09.04, p. 69).
A second sp. of Pluchea is tetrandrous;
52
Probably Pluchea tetranthera; although the species was described in the context of the plants collected by Babbage’s expedition, B59.10.02, p.12, Bentham (1863-78), vol. 3, p. 528 lists specimens collected by M from the Victoria River.
and is it not perhaps a more general character in this order to see the number of the anthers correspond to the divisions of the flowers? The distinction between Pluchea and Blumea is in some instances not easy, as some sp. of the latter genus proved to me sufficiently. The basaltic plains of Peak Downs enabled me to add a Ixiolaena (I brevicompta)
53
B58.07.01, p. 3.
1 Helipterum[,]
54
editorial addition. Presumably H. polyphyllum (B58.06.01, p. 35).
2 Rutidosis sp
55
Presumably R. leucantha and R. murchisonii (B58.06.01, p. 35).
and 1 Brachycome to the collection.
56
Presumably B. basaltica or B. microcarpa (B58.07.01, p. 50).
In Sir Thomas Mitchells herbarium I find a plant which appears to me to be the type of a new genus: it differs from Baccharis chiefly in having the deciduous scales of the involucre spirally inserted upon a cylindrical persistent receptacle or rachis, so that it may appropriately be called Spiropodium.
57
M erected Spiropodium (S. baccaroides) in B58.06.01, p. 34.
The genus Rhodanthemum with 4 or 5 sp. is more nearly allied to Pluchea, than to Vittadinia, as I formerly thought.
58
Rhodanthemum was not erected until 1993 (IPNI, accessed 29 August 2019), and the genus is native to Spain and North Africa; there are specimens with M's label at Kew: 'Rhodanthemum adscendens…Suttor River' (K974719) and 'Rhodanthemum adscendens…Flinders River also in Sir Th. Mitchells collect.' (K974720), filed under Streptoglossa adscendens. Each label also has M's note '(R. annum msc)'. See Bentham (1863-78), vol. 3, p. 533, where it is descibed as Pterigeron adscendens .
Of Eurybia I brought but one additional new sp. home.
59
Presumably E. xerophila from near the Burdekin river (B58.07.01, p. 510).
Kippistia (Centaurea riparia DC) resembling Leuzea in many points, but has an uniseriate pappus.
Hydroleae . The Austr. sp. seem to be scarcely distinct from H. Zeilanica
60
Hydrolea zeylanica?
Solanaceae . the latter part of our expedition brought into my possession 12 new Solanum species,
61
M described twelve species of Solanum in B61.05.02 but not all are based on specimens from this expedition.
an addition that can not surprise us, when we remember, that since R. Browns exertions scarcely any but my own few previously discovered sp. have been added from Australia to this extensive genus. Many of the kinds were extremely local and some very beautiful, so that I recommend them with their ample description drawn up on the spot of growth to your kind attention. I may be permitted to remark, that I found no difficulty in discriminating them, when duly regarding position and [structure] of the fruit bearing calyx, structure of berry, lenght of filaments &c. Three sp. occur equally prickly and armed, and also not less than 3 have a four-celled berry. — Datura Leichhardtii belongs to the Sect. Dutra and approaches next to D. alba.
62
Datura leichhardtii was published by Bentham (1863-78), vol. 4, p. 468, based in part on specimens collected by M on this expedition. M published the name without description in B54.13.06, p. 20.
Myoporineae The white flowering Stenochilus bignoniaeflorus occurs also in Central Australia but I am inclined to refer it to Pholidia.
63
M referred S. bignoniaeflorus to Eremophila bignoniflora (B60.13.03, p. 294).
A magnificent Eremophila I wished to distinguish with Mr Latrobe's name,
64
E. latrobei (B59.04.04, p. 125).
it may prove at the same time that the unlimited kindness of the first Governor of Victoria was also in the desert vividly retained in my mind, indeed that it never will sink in oblivion.
Verbenaceae Dr Hooker will be pleased to hear, that I have added an East-Australian plant to his New Zealandian Genus Teucridium. It imitates it well in habit and can scarcely be removed from that genus, altho' the fruit is spherical.
65
M published no species of Teucridium , but K881361 has his label 'Teucridium (Polycladium) sphaerocarcarpum' collected 'Suttor Ranges'. See Bentham (1863-78), vol. 5, pp. 55-6. under Spartothmnus, and his discussion of M's treatment in B68.03.04, p. 153.
The first endemic Australian sp. of Verbena has at last been discovered; it comes near to Verbena stricta Vahl.
66
Presumably V. macrostachya (B58.07.01, p. 60).
Asclepiadeae . Bidaria is represented by a new sp. very distinct from the only Australian one, with which I am acquainted.
67
B. leptophylla, collected on the Burdekin river (B59.13.02, p. 59)?
The other plants include new species of Cynoctonum,
68
M did not publish any Cynoctonum , but K8946 27 , filed under Cynanchum puberulum , has M's label 'Cynoctonum puberlum n.sp.' collected from 'Rocks, Upper Victoria R' . Bentham (1863-78), vol. 4, p. 332 described it and attributed the name to 'F. Muell. Herb.'.
Marsdenia
69
Probably including M. leichhardtiana (B66.10.01, p. 160).
& Gongronema,
70
The specimen at K873019 has M's label 'Marsdenia | Gymnema micradenia Benth. | Brisbane River'. The sheet is stamped 'Herbarium Hookerianum 1867' implying that Bentham had previously described the name before it was published in Bentham (1863-78), vol. 4, p. 344 as Gymnema micradenia. However it is known that the stamp has been applied to specimens collected by M in 1868 (Lucas (2007), citing K60575); it is possible that 'Gymnema micradenia Benth' was added later in another hand, although this cannot be determined with certainty. M later moved the species to Gongronema (B83.03.04, p. 84).
and what I consider a well marked new genus (Rhyncharrhena)
71
M erected Rhyncharrhena (R. atropurpurea) in B59.04.04, p. 128.
Apocyneae . Alstonia constricta n. sp. has been brought home already by the late Sir Th. Mitchell and a second sp. occurs in N.W. Australia.
72
A. constricta and A. ophioxyloides (B58.07.01, p. 57).
Of Parsonsia I noticed six different ones,
73
Probably including P. eucalyptophylla (B61.05.02, p. 159) and P. ventricosa (B57.09.04, p. 71).
all destitute of the calycine scales; one forms on account of a valvate praeflorescence, ventricose tube of the corolla broadly dilated tailless anthers and a crenulate disk at least a subgenus, which may recieve the name Gastranthus.
74
Gastranthus was invalidly published (B68.03.04, p. 130), as it was given only as a provisional name. M's label on K857581 has 'Parsonsia (Gastranthus) venbtricosa Ferd Mueller Brisbane Hill & Mueller'. He published Parsonsia ventricosa in B57.09.04, p. 71, placing it within the section Gastranthus.
Mr Hill has given me also a new Melodinus,
75
Presumably M. acutiflorus (B57.09.04, p. 71).
which likewise deserves subgenerical distinction, producing a double series of bifid scales, 5 in each. A spec. of Cerbera, not unlike C. Manghas, is in so imperfect a state noticed only on one locality, that its proper determination will be possible only by comparing the allied species.
Pimeleae A new sp. of Pimelea from trop. East Australia is perhaps the finest of all. It is herbaceous has blood red flowers arranged in a spike, which fruit bearing often exceeds a foot in length.
76
Presumably P. sanguinea (B59.02.03, p. 84).
Proteaceae yielded nothing new but 1 sp. of Grevillea
77
M described several Grevillea from this expedition including G. longiloba (B59.04.04, p. 136), G. alphonsiana, G. polybotrya (B57.01.01, pp. 22-3) and G. hilliana (B58.09.04, p. 72).
and one of Stenocarpus.
78
Presumably S. acacioides (B59.04.04, p. 135).
Najadeae . I have the satisfaction to introduce 1 Aponogeton
79
Possibly Aponogeton elongatus which was described in Bentham (1863-78), vol. 7, p. 188, based in part on specimens collected by M on this expedition.
and 2 Ouvirandras into the Australian flora.
80
M did not identify or name any Ouvirandra spp, but see B58.05.01, pp. 141, 144, 161.
The former producing an eatable tuber, alluded to already by poor Dr Leichhardt. A new genus (Leiostigma)
81
Leiostigma not found (APNI, accessed 29 August 2019).
has the sepals and stigmas of Ouvirandra and the anthers and capsules of Triglochin or nearly so. Potamogeton only is enlarged by two n. sp.
82
Presumably including P. tenuicaulis (B59.02.03, p. 90).
Juncagineae. Triglochin dubium, a rare plant, is to be referred to Cycnogeton, but this genus should remain in proximity of that, from which it was separated and not be placed into a different natural order. Dr Sonder has, I believe, written and doubtless with his usual care on these plants, but I regret not having recieved his paper yet.
83
Sonder (1856b) discussed Triglochin, but he did not erect a new genus in that paper or others authored by him in the series ‘Plantae Muellerianae’ published in the same volume of Linnaea.
He finds in the Zannichellia of my collection a new genus, and you will observe, that I described the six celled anthers in my transmitted manuscripts some years ago.
84
MS not found. For Bentham’s interpretation of “six –celled anthers”, see Bentham (1863-78), vol. 7, p. 179.
Hydrocharideae . Ottelia Indica I have noticed with blue flowers in North Australia, and I shall soon bring either Hydrocharis Morsus Ranae or an allied plant as an Australian Citizen under your notice.
With Dr Elsey I transmitted to you to Dr Harvey and to Mr Latrobe a set of Mr Gregory's charts. I am doing a most gratifying duty in informing you now, that Mr Gregory has also commemorated your illustrious name in Geography by connecting it with the S. E. watercourse leading into the desert, from which we were repelled by want of water. This streamlet disappointed our hopes of leading us into Central Australia, still it remains a remarkable geographical feature, and when I add that many fine plants were seen there for the first time, you will be less sorry, that he could not connect your name with some new noble river. —
Mr Gregory thanks you for your attention of sending him the copy of my letter, in which I not only join, but also expressing my great thankfulness to you for your unceasing kindness towards me and my humble labours, which you far overrate. His Excellency Sir Henry Barkly repeated publicly some kind remarks of yours about the humble writer of these lines, and thus I have recieved a mighty support, which I shall not fail to turn out to advantage for our favourite science. The Philos. Institute created me not only an honorary member, but manifested expressions of kindness & sympathy, which I shall in joyful recollection retain to the end of my days.
85
M had been elected an honorary member of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria eighteen months earlier, on 10 July 1855, shortly after he left Melbourne to join the North Australian Exploring Expedition, at the first meeting of the Institute formed by the merger of the Philosophical Society of Victoria and the Victorian Institute for the Advancement of Science; see Transactions of the Philosophical Society of Victoria, vol. 1 (1855), proceedings of the meeting of 10 July 1855, p. xxv. However, M probably did not become aware of his election until he returned to civilization at the beginning of 1857. At the meeting of the Philosophical Institute on 4 February 1857, the Institute's two Vice-Presidents offered their resignations in order that M could be offered the vice-presidency instead; see M to J. Macadam, February 1857 (in this edition as 57-02-00) and footnotes thereto.
7. April 1856.
86
1857?
I finished unpacking the damaged plants to day, and I need not assure you, Sir William, that I never performed a more disheartening task. The official reply of Mr Baines, to whom this important collection was entrusted is so unsatisfactory to me, that I can not retract my pronouncing this severe loss as originated by the want of sufficient care on his side at this instance Grief and disappointment have made me quite ill for the time.
Mr Hill sends me a few fine plants again, amongst which I percieve an Euodia and a new Sterculiaceous plant, of which I shall give soon an account.
87
Possibly Euodia erythrocca or E. neurococa (B58.06.01, p. 28), but each is based on specimens collected jointly by M and Hill. The ‘Sterculiaceous plant’ has not been identified.
Dr Bennett
88
George Bennett, d. 1893.
intends to send with my collection a sample of the essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora, for which Mr Moore
89
Charles Moore.
supplied the leaves. The quantity of oil which they contain is unusually large namely 1/74 of the fresh leaves. Mr Baines sends a sketch of Adansonia Gregorii, which completely resembles its west african proto type in habit according to a drawing of Dr Bennett, who most strikingly compares the woodcuts of the Baobab in some of the best elementary works to a mushroom! (By Dr Bennetts drawing I learn, that the fruit stalks of Adansonia digitata are much larger than in A. Gregorii.)
90
(By Dr Bennetts … A. Gregorii.) is a marginal annotation in the MS with its pos ition in the text indicated by an asterisk .
Both he as well as Mr Moore directed my attention to the discrepancy between your Eupomatia laurina, which you had figured so beautifully and the Brownian plant. The former, introduced by Mr Moore from Moreton Bay to the establishment, which supplied the object of the figure in Bot. Mag, occurs also in my transmitted collection, whilst the Brownian Eupomatia inhabits the woods of Illawarra and towards Sydney. My specimens are very imperfect, still I must admit the difference when consulting Bauers plate,
91
The illustrations referred to are in W. Hooker (1827-64), vol. 81, t. 4848, and Flinders (1814), Atlas, t. 2, drawn by Ferdinand Bauer.
and if you agree with our views, I would beg to suggest you would distinguish the new species with Mr Bennets name,
92
Eupomatia bennettii (B58.07.01, p. 45).
who not only deserves a scientific tribute for his ardent cultivation of the natural sciences, but particularly for so much valuable bot. information contained in his "Wanderings in N.S. Wales"
93
Bennett (1834).
and in other of his writings.
Asperula divaricata Bischoff, described from a plant of uncertain origin is evidently a native of Australia and perhaps identical with Galium geminifolium, at least likewise illustrative of the stipular nature of part of the leaves in Stellatae. — Of Hypoestes I obtained a second sp,
94
Possibly H. densiflora ssp. densiflora published by Bentham (1863-78), vol. 4, p. 554 based in part on specimens collected by M on this expedition.
of Escallonieae seemingly a new genus as also of Sapoteae.
95
M published no new genera of Escalloniaceae or Sapotaceae from this expedition.
The latter, very imperfectly seen touches on Argania, and excited already Dr Leichhardts attention on account of the very viscid drupe. Bidens pilosa is common on the East coast of Australia.
I hope to be able to forward all the collections in proper order in about one month hence, when I shall instantly return to Victoria to resume my duties there. Mr Wilhelmi returned from his collecting journey, so that we will be able to send many good seeds and specimens more from Victoria.
I subscribe myself with all sentiments of regard and in greatest obedience
Ferd Mueller
Adansonia digitata
Adansonia Gregorii
Aeschynomene aspera
Alstonia constricta
Ancistrostigma
Apocyneae
Aponogeton
Argania
Asclepiadeae
Asperula
Asperula divaricata
Baccharis
Basella
Bauhinia Carroni
Bauhinia hookeri
Bertya
Bidaria
Bidens pilosa
Blumea
Bossiaea
Brachypyxis
Brewsteria
Briedelia Australis
Calandrinia calyptrata
Canthium
Cassia occidentalis
Catha Cunninghami
Cedrela Australis
Cedrela febrifuga
Cedrela Toona
Cedreleae
Celastrineae
Centaurea riparia
Cerbera Manghas
Chrysobalaneae
Claoxylon
Coffea
Combretaceae
Compositae
Croton Hillii
Croton phebalioides
Croton subsericium
Cycnogeton
Cynoctonum
Datura alba
Datura Leichhardtii
Desmodium
Echinocroton
Eremophila
Erythrina
Escallonieae
Eucalyptus citriodora
Euchilus
Euodia
Euphorbia schizolepis
Euphorbiaceae
Eupomatia laurina
Eurybia
Galium
Galium geminifolium
Gardenia
Gastranthus
Glochidion Australe
Glochidion racemosum
Glossogyne
Gompholobium
Gongronema
Grevillea
Guettarda
Halorageae
Hedyotis
Helipterum
Hydrocharideae
Hydrocharis Morsus Ranae
Hydrolea Zeilanica
Hypoestes
Indigofera
Ixiolaena brevicompta
Ixora
Jacksonia phylloclada
Juncagineae
Kippistia
Leguminosae
Leiostigma
Lespedeza
Leuzea
Lophopetalum
Lumnitzera
Mappa
Marsdenia
Meionectis
Melanthesa
Melicytus oleaster
Melodinus
Mercurialis
Micrantheum ericoides
Micrantheum hexandrum
Micrantheum triandrum
Microcassia
Mirbelia
Mitrasacme
Myoporineae
Myriophyllum dicoccum
Najadeae
Nematophyllum
Omolanthus populifolius
Osteotheca
Ottelia Indica
Ouvirandra
Oxycladium
Oxylobium bossiaeoides
Parsonsia
Pavetta
Pholidia
Phyllanthus
Pimelea
Pimeleae
Pluchea
Podolobium
Pogonolobus
Portulaca
Portulaceae
Potamogeton
Proteaceae
Psoralea
Psychotria
Psychotria daphnoides
Putterlickia
Rhamnaceae
Rhodanthemum
Rhyncharrhena
Ricinocarpus sessiliflorus
Rubiaceae
Sapoteae
Scleranthus
Senecio
Sesbania venatorum
Solanaceae
Solanum
Sphaeranthus glaber
Spilanthes
Spiropodium
Stenocarpus
Stenochilus bignoniaeflorus
Stillingia sebifora
Synostemon
Taverniera spartea
Tephrosia
Terminalia
Teucridium
Trianthema
Triglochin dubium
Trioncinia
Ventilago racemosa
Verbena stricta
Verbenaceae
Vittadinia
Wahlenbergia
Wedelia
Wistaria atro-purpurea
Wollastonia
Xylomeleum pyriforme
Zannichellia
Zizyphus
Zornia